On May 19-22, 2011 the Lomonosov Moscow State University will hold International Congress «Globalistics-2011»

Globalization Studies: Trends, Problems, Perspectives
Conveners: Leonid Grinin, Andrey Korotayev, Victor de Munck

Abstracts accepted:

Ken Baskin, Fellow, Institute for the Study of Coherence & Emergence, Philadelphia, USA;  Dmitri M. Bondarenko, Vice Director, Institute for African Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

Living Through A Second Axial Age: Notes As We Come To The End Of A Global Cultural Transformation

Abstract: The Axial Age (800-200 BCE), first described by Karl Jaspers, was characterized (among other important changes) by accelerating technological innovation, political instability, intensified warfare (as an outcome of general intercultural interaction intensification), and the emergence of new spiritual conceptualizations in four largely separated civilizations: Greece, Israel, India and China. The result was a transformation in the nature of these civilizations, including the rise of the “national” state and the spiritual traditions that continue to dominate contemporary life throughout most of the globe – Greek philosophy, monotheism, Hinduism and Buddhism, Confucianism and Daoism. In this paper, the authors examine the thesis that the world has been experiencing a second Axial Age (AA II) since the Renaissance in Western Europe and especially since the mid-18^th century in Europe and North America to the present. The acceleration of technological innovation, as well as intensification of warfare upon the background of and direct interrelation with the rise of the modern civil society and crucial transformations in the sphere of spiritual over the last 250-500 years has been undeniable. Historically and culturally, the great difference between these two transformational ages is that AA II began locally in Western Europe, but has eventually become global. It can be argued that globalization is not a recent process but almost incipient for human history, and while both AAs were important steps on the way to the global world, the difference between them in terms of their results is that, contrary to those decisive of the AAII, the results achieved on this way in the AAI turned out reversible. This paper will examine these parallels and then speculate on the issues of an emerging spiritual/philosophical response and a post-national state.

Timi Ećimović, Prof. Dr. Dr. H. C., Chairman for life of the SEM Institute for Climate Change, Chairman of environmental sciences at the School of Environmental Sciences (Ansted University, British Virgin Islands and Penang, Malaysia)

The Philosophy of the Nature

It is new approach to the challenging questions of the origin of the nature. It presents hypotethical and real issues of the philosophy and search for the knowledge and understading of the nature and meaning of the life and universe. Present of the mankind civilization, sustainable future and globalization have been discussed.

Kondratieff waves in the global technological dynamics

Our analysis of the WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization) database has revealed a rather clear global Kondratieff wave pattern in the dynamics of the number of patents granted in the world per 1 million of the world population. During the A-phases of K-waves we observe pronounced increases in the values of the variable in question, whereas during B-phases we observe equally pronounced decreases of the number of patents granted in the world per 1million of the world population. Note that this seems to go counter the logic suggested by Kondratieff and Schumpeter who expected the increases in the invention activities during B-phases and their decreases during A-phases. We suggest a rather simple explanation that accounts for the detected pattern without contradicting the essence of Kondratieff -Schumpeter theory.

Globalization and Sovereignty

The process of globalization undoubtedly contributes to the change and reduction of the scope of state sovereign powers. We consider these transformations to be among the most important ones. However, this is a bilateral process. On the one hand, some factors that fairly undermine the states' sovereignty are strengthening, on the other, most states voluntarily limit the scope of their sovereignty including their rights to determine taxation rates, monetary emission etc. Yet, the basic trends of voluntary reduction of the scope of sovereign prerogatives are very different in Europe, the USA, the Islamic world, Far Eastern states, other non-Western regions. We argue that among the range of factors influencing the process of sovereignty transformation, the factor of voluntary reduction of the scope of sovereignty appears to be of utmost importance. The future of non-Western cultures much depends on the way this process will proceed.

Victor C. de Munck (SUNY New Paltz and Vytautas Magnus University) and Renatas Delis (Vytautus Magnus University)

Theories of culture and the role of anthropology when local meets global

There is an axiomatic saying that one finds on bumper stickers in the U.S. “think global act local.” In other words, what happens “here” is often a consequence of what is happening “there.” A key to how we think about the global is how we distinguish here from there, us from them, and the local from the global. This distinction extends way beyond how we define in from out group, but also in our folk theories of culture(s): which culture do we belong to? Who are full and partial members of this culture; how does one become a member of this group? And what are the constellations of values, beliefs, practices, presentation of self, gestural and fashion styles and so on which we expect members of in and various out groups to express? Anthropology has long held a view of cultures as holistic bounded groups in which members of the culture share values, beliefs, practices, knowledge and even emotional dispositions. Advocates of cross-cultural approaches posit cultural universals so see cultures as overlapping around a central core of universals that are products of biological and social-cultural processes of evolution. Cultural relativists tend to focus on cultures as unique, distinct entities that need to be understood and studied in themselves. Both these distinctive and contrary meta-theories of anthropology presume that culture is a) bounded; b) a whole; and c) consists of a set of important core beliefs, values, practices and such that are shared among its members. In this paper these assumptions will be analyzed and shown to hinder the development of truly global regulatory mechanisms and organization that integrate local with global. The cultural focus will be the United States and Lithuania. One goal will be to spell out, what we conceive of as the role of the anthropologists in developing and promoting a theory of culture that is adaptive to the ongoing processes of globalization.

Pattamaporn Busapathumrong PhD. Head, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Asian University, Thailand

Dilemmas of Welfare Mix: Unfinished Agenda on Human problems in relations to Globalization

In general, this paper focuses on the contemporary dilemmas of welfare mix, which involve the state, private and household or informal sectors in attempts to alleviate and solve problems of humans by providing various kinds of supports. The reviews of current literature and researches on this topic will cover current human problems in relations to globalization, welfare mix and dilemmas of welfare mix. This paper argues that though the welfare system has been developed worldwide as can be studied by the application of welfare mix, the problems of human in relations to globalization and unsolved dilemmas of welfare mix still continue as unfinished agenda. When the state contributes supports to the people, the rise of the welfare cost on taxation, and the state's role is likely to be the result. At the same time, if informal supports such as households involve, the cost of welfare shifts to the households and family members instead.

Marina Semenova, Moscow City Government Academy of Business

Globalization and Poststandard Languages: Integrating Linguistic Diversity

Globalization comprises a complex range of various processes and has a huge impact practically on all spheres of life. One of the main language functions is reflecting these processes. So there can be proposed the idea of linguistic globalization being the most large-scale and complex aspect of globalization. The paper analyzes linguistic phenomena caused by globalization and leading to the formation of a new language type which can be denoted by the term ‘poststandard languages’. This term stresses the fact that such languages have their origin in modern standard languages (English, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, etc.), which are considered their substrata. The main difference between poststandard and standard languages is the following: 1) standardization started in the middle of the 15th century and was finished by the end of the 19th century while poststandardization refers to the late 20th – early 21st centuries; 2) standardization occurred in monolingual societies or in societies with a predominant language while poststandardization concerns bilingual (multilingual) linguistic communities with no predominant language; 3) standardization is closely connected to political and economic disintegration (the problem also centres upon linguistic, racial and/or religious discrimination) while poststandardization is linked with the opposite phenomena and aims at integrating diversities; 4) standardization was boosted by the appearance of the printed media while poststandardization is encouraged by the electronic media and the Internet. It should be also noted that linguistic globalization is based upon political and economic situation of the late 20th century when there appeared international organizations and transnational corporations establishing their communication and language use criteria. These political and economic bodies promote programmes of language and service training for their employees and facilitate the spread of world’s dominant languages such as English, Spanish, Chinese, French, Russian and Arabic. English being a means of business communication has entered many standard language systems causing an extensive use of anglicisms and pseudo-English elements combined with a play of words. The above-mentioned anglicalization results in language merging, and the final consequence of this merge is a poststandard language, a common means of communication in a multilingual diverse society. One of the most vivid examples of this new language type is Spanglish, an English-Spanish merge and a popular means of communication in the USA and Latin America. Other examples are Runglish, Chinglish, Franglais, etc. Today there have been registered 22 poststandard languages, all of them characterized by a high degree of substrata merging and diversity levelling. So a poststandard language is a way of integrating people, cultures, and territories, which should be closely analyzed and described from the viewpoint of linguistics as one day it could lead to the formation of a unified international language having an unprecedented political and economic impact on a global scale

Professor Dr. Endre Kiss, Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary

About the Framework and the Character of the History of Globalization

Globalization is the most extended theoretical framework of the interpretation of the present. It is a high-level theoretical generalization, and at the same time also an empirical reality anyone can experience. One of the most important and also the most difficult fields of the social-philosophical research of globalization is the continual way its functional and non-functional elements and moments are interconnected, like the cogs of a machinery. Globalization consists, on the one hand, in global functioning systems (in the more or less exact system-theoretical sense of the word). What is really global, is functional. What is really functional, is global. It’s important to understand the real causal problematic in the coexistence of globalization and modern nation state. First, we should see what we mostly don’t realize. We were and are living in a concrete form of the modern state which controled almost the whole social reproduction and specially the reproduction of social capital. We must understand, it doesn’t depend on a special historical form of the modern state. The modern etatism is a much broader phenomenon than totalitarianism or welfare state. This modern etatism was based on state property and on the taxes. The whole process of history consists in a consistent line in which modern etatism step for step acquires the control over social reproduction (education, public health, etc.). It means that modern societies (in theoretical sense) reproduced themselves almost totally through the modern etatism. Globalization isn’t genuinely directed against modern etatism, but it changes radically the circumstances in which the modern state functions. And because the whole process of social reproduction was mediated by the modern etatism, the states are the losers in this process. They took over the responsibility for the whole social reproduction, but because of the global integration of great functional systems and markets they were no more capable of fulfilling there responsibilities. This is the historical moment of state endebtedness of our days.

The globalization is not only the broadest, but also the only real and meaningful theoretical framework of a description of the present. We represent the starting point, that we can very rightly only speak of its 1989 about globalization. This vision means however, that the globalization also provides about its own history. In the following conference, we put the question of the possible specific characteristics of a concrete history of the globalization. After this question, we make the attempt to realize also this history of the globalization in some concrete trains. 

Prof. Dr. Nevad Kahteran, associate professor of Eastern & Comparative Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Creating a promising cross-cultural dimension in Bosnia and Herzegovina

As we advance into this new millenium, we need to learn how to reconcile new contradictions and oppositions, not through polemic, which stirs up quarrels and disputes, and even lead to war, but through constructive dialogue, the only way to peace and peaceful coexistence between peoples. So, my paper is about giving correct answer on what does this suggest for developing some guinding principles in order to rethink the purpose and meaning of Bosnian cross-cultural dialogue and foundation for really coherent dialogue and sustainable peace, which is so sorely needed in Bosnia and Herzegovina and whole Balkan region. And yet, for all that, Bosnia – located as it is on that historical major fault line – continues to evolve as multinational and multicultural state, notwithstanding all the misfortunes it has endured over last tventy years or so.

It remains to be seen how much longer we shall persist in our intellectual myopia and parocialism in Bosnia, instead of immersing ourselves in what we share, as our old way of life in Bosnia, our millenium-long expereience of multiculuralism: indeed, it is for us to decide. However, it is abundantly clear that, though specific in its context, this Bosnian experience has implications for our increasingly globalized world by opening up greater opportunities, or even the ever more urgent and growing need for cross-cultural interaction – a need shared by the entire human communty that looks to that part of the world for inspiration and leadership in attaining multireligious and multicultural peace and harmony, writing a new chapter in the history of world philosophy and the new, nascent philosophy of multicultural relations that we are now witnessing, i.e. our present-day Bosnian profiling of plural European identity, which will beyond doubt reinvigorate philosophical deliberations in this part of Europe.

Given its historical fate, Bosnia and Herzegovina is predestined, philosophically speaking, to comparative considerations of this kind, to comparative thought or a cross-cultural or multicultural philosophy. Henceforth, we have no choice but to thing globally far beyond what is properly regarded, tehnically speaking, as philosophy by modern professional philosophers in the 21st century of our mutual, global interconnectedness. Finally, philosophers in the Balkan region have begun to show a keen interest in learning the cureent discourse on philosophical and religious pluralism, which will provide them with a secure foothold from which to embark on a study of these burning issues.

Karla Pinhel Ribeiro, University of Sao Paulo, USP, Department of Philosophy,
Tomas Cabral Meireles Falqueiro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Department of Social Sciences

Slums: a global question

This paper enquires that slums, known as very common phenomenon of the twentieth century until nowadays - are a global question. Here the research proposes some answers why. First, because there are slums in every continent in many countries as Brazil, Venezuela, Argentina, USA, India, etc.. Second, it's a territorial and social problem. And third, slums are the pure potencialities's place to experiment new forms of life, with more freedom and autonomy. This presentation wants to discuss what are these elements that belong to this universe of slums, searching for their universal nature and matter. So, a topic that we have to think by crossing the frontiers of the Nation State.

Okoro, Kingsley N Department of Philosophy and Religion Ebony State University Abakaliki - Nigeria

Globalization, Violence and Global Peace: Socio-Philosophical Reflections

The dawn of 21st century gave the impression of fostering a peaceful global family. The basic assumption is that the only solution to the divided world is to make market freer and the controlling force in the new world order. Therefore economic globalization took the centre stage of global socio- economic arena This enabled it to break down the barriers of geography and politics. Thus we anticipated equity, justice and peace as part of the dividend of the new economic system. However, to our greatest chagrin, 21st century has turned out to be most volatile centuries in human history. Violent conflicts, wars and terrorism in their varying degrees have dotted our history. Within the academic circle there have been attempts to decipher the real source of this insidious phenomenon-violence-but all attempts seem to be futile, While it is not the intent of this paper to dabble into the endless argument, the paper suggests that modern violence and terrorism could be traced to the modern economic globalization. A socio-historical survey has shown that globalization is inseparably intertwined with violence and terror. This is because economic globalization breeds poverty, marginalization, unemployment and discrimination within the global community. Globalization places premium on market which violates human values. This situation has caused bleach of peace in the global family. This paper therefore suggests that if we must deal decisively with violence and terrorism and achieve the desired peace, we must adopt a globalization ideal with human face. This proposal is anchored on Tagore’s philosophy of cosmic consciousness, which emphasizes common spiritual bond of all mankind with no regard for race, sex, culture, religion or class.

Ricaardoe Di Done, Founding President, Organization for the Protection of Children’s Rights President, The World Thinker’s Forum

Protect our Children – Protect our Future

The dawn of 21st century gave the impression of fostering a peaceful global family. The basic assumption is that the only solution to the divided world is to make market freer and the controlling force in the new world order. Therefore economic globalization took the centre stage of global socio- economic arena This enabled it to break down the barriers of geography and politics. Thus we anticipated equity, justice and peace as part of the dividend of the new economic system. However, to our greatest chagrin, 21st century has turned out to be most volatile centuries in human history. Violent conflicts, wars and terrorism in their varying degrees have dotted our history. Within the academic circle there have been attempts to decipher the real source of this insidious phenomenon-violence-but all attempts seem to be futile, While it is not the intent of this paper to dabble into the endless argument, the paper suggests that modern violence and terrorism could be traced to the modern economic globalization. A socio-historical survey has shown that globalization is inseparably intertwined with violence and terror. This is because economic globalization breeds poverty, marginalization, unemployment and discrimination within the global community. Globalization places premium on market which violates human values. This situation has caused bleach of peace in the global family. This paper therefore suggests that if we must deal decisively with violence and terrorism and achieve the desired peace, we must adopt a globalization ideal with human face. This proposal is anchored on Tagore’s philosophy of cosmic consciousness, which emphasizes common spiritual bond of all mankind with no regard for race, sex, culture, religion or class.

Quynh Nguyen, Ngocbich Nguyen, United States, EPC College

Aesthetic and Cultural Impacts in the Age of Globalization

Quite different from the economic globalization as a trend now in world crisis, the Aesthetic and Cultural impacts present an interesting picture that envelops the sense of beauty and culture as a manifestation of freedom and intersubjectivity. To understand this phenomenon we cannot overlook economic, social and political frames, but to analyze how Post-Modernism in art has shared with Cross-Cultural Climate to produce produce a so-called Aesthetic and Cultural Impacts in the Age of Globalization, parrticularly in the age of electronic media. In fact, I will shortly review the concept of humanism since the Renaissance that promotes individualism, democracy and liberty. These ideas have been developed through many channels of power and ambition, and obviously have been sometimes with negative experiences. I have found, however, despite ideological frictions or conflicts, a room for cross-cultural and aesthetic promotions that could have been viewed as "marginal", become evidences by new communication technology for the world to get together, at least on a common ground on which I have found new possibility of humanism and I will discuss and elucidate such proportions in my paper.

Kavous Ardalan, School of Management Marist College

Globalization and Bretton Woods institutions: four paradigmatic views

Any explanation of globalization and Bretton Woods institutions is based on a worldview. The premise of this paper is that any worldview can be associated with one of the four broad paradigms: functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist, and radical structuralist. This paper takes the case of globalization and Bretton Woods institutions and discusses it from the four different viewpoints. It emphasizes that the four views expressed are equally scientific and informative; they look at the phenomenon from their certain paradigmatic viewpoint; and together they provide a more balanced understanding of the phenomenon under consideration.

Peter Herrmann, University College of Cork, Ireland

World system development postmodernisation as refeudalisation

General ideas:
* some general remarks on problems of terminological generalisations and classifications and relevant concepts;
* modernisation as rationalisation and separation of power and economy, i.e. the emergence of economic self-steering in its own right
* postmodernisation - changing the mode of production: the emergence of finance capitalism, the partial synchronisation of (re-)productive circle on the global level and the remergence of political power within and by the economic system itself.

Malachy Chidike, Bells University of Technology, Ota

Globalization or Northern Hegemony: The Death of the South and Multiculturalism

The world is simply getting smaller in terms of converging cultural outlook and frames of reference centering on the Western/Northern ideas. This is because the countries of the North including the Western countries and some in Asia, epitomized in American hegemony, is overtaking the world culturally and this overtake is mistakenly called globalization. As the term is understood by many, it is a situation where the entire world interacts at multiple levels to the extent that differences are blurred and boundaries are collapsed. This is enhanced by cyber space technology. However, this paper disputes this very term, globalization when it is defined as above and suggests that the present global interaction is no more than the hegemony of the Northern countries where the rest of the world is gradually destroyed by liquidation of their cultures, enthronement of international structural injustice through inequality in trade, science and technology, promotion of immigration of skilled workers from South to North and the total intellectual brainwashing through theorizing about globalization as if it involves the advantages and true interaction of the whole world. It is the position of this paper that the present studies of globalization should be deemphasized and replaced by studies of Northern hegemony. If this is not done, the world will become just too uniform in both thinking and temper and this will lead to the physical destruction of the South through re-colonization.

Cheng Long, Xie Linping, Guangdong Institute of Public Administration

China Model in Process of Globalization

No matter in which perspective, the China model is the important matter in process of globalization. However, what is the China model? People usually regard it as pragmatism, the capitalism with Chinese characteristic, nationalism, totalitarianism,Post-Socialism, etc,. The author view the China model as the description to Chinese development since 1978. It includes five chief factors at least:the simple but pragmatic theory, the strict but efficient administrative system, the economic structure of supporting for capitals linked with limiting, the opening policy of self-control and gradual progress, the people being hardworking and creative spirit. What the China model means to the world? Usually there are two kinds of opinions: ‘China Threat theory’ and ‘theory of chances’. No matter what had happened, we should see the fact that any countries’ rise is different from the past in global background. The china’s development mainly depends on advancement of science and technology; Though three decades rapid growing, China paid a heavy price; Marxism is still as the dominant ideology in China, and nationalism is only a slim possibility. What change will the China model take place in the future? The most of Chinese scholars don’t agree with the word, just for China still in developing, and ‘Model’means a process has finished. According to the Chinese history and present state, we predict that changes in three aspects at least will happen. Firstly, China will go on its democracy political reform, but not upheavals like Russia or the countries of the East Europe; Second, China will adjust its economic structures, and dose effort to the harmonious cooperation of the economy, society, resource, circumstances, and others; Third, China will build a new multi-culture system in which the indigenous cultures, foreign cultures, and Marxism will be integrated.

Sekh Rahim Mondal, professor Of Anthropology and Sociology Centre For Himalyan Studie 

Interrogating Globalization and Culture in Anthropological Perspective – the Indian Experience

In this paper the author has noted that a selective cultural adaptation is being taking place in India in the process of cultural globalization of the present era. Owing to the traditional base in social structure and institutions much of the Indian cultural elements have sufficient strength in preserving their unique characteristics. But at the same time several Indian cultural elements have made a creative synthesis with the items of global cultural practices. Along with the unique adaptive process some Indian cultural elements have made significant impacts at the global level owing to their attractions and significance in contemporary times. Full text

Ni Ruihua, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

Global Governance of Ecological Issues from Perspective of Ethics

Ecological issues have become global. Every country, various nationalities worldwide should make common efforts and work together for governing and solving ecological crises. It is essential to have ethical supports which coordinate interest relation of each party for international cooperation and common action. Firstly, universal ethic which transcends multicultural difference builds consensus. Global environmental problems force countries and nations which have same benefit and destiny to form a community. The same interests require that all countries and nations should establish the same faiths and follow the same moral standards. Therefore, reconstructing the system of values is the key point of solving global environmental problems. Coherent actions need a set of value disciplines and behavioral norms — universal ethic which is accepted and approved by human beings. Secondly, responsible ethic is deeply concerned future and nature. Responsible ethic demands that human controls his power and undertakes his responsibilities voluntarily. For the sake of governing global ecological issues, contemporaries are in duty bound to hold a right measure between their own needs and living space of offspring and remain livable, inhabitable natural circumstances for offspring. Meanwhile, we have obligation of maintaining natural stability, completion and beauty. Thirdly, the poor and undeveloped countries appeal for justice of international environment. On environmental issues, it exists an injustice phenomenon that is “the rich destroy, the poor hurt”. The fairer and more effective international environmental institution is constructed to distribute the related benefits and burdens impartially. Respect that all countries are equal moral subject and moral norms of contacting among countries. Give attention to people’s appeal for fundamental rights and equality.

Ruchi Tyagi, Prof & Head ,School of Management; RGGI, Meerut; India

A Case Study of Jaipur Rugs India on Sustainable Business Practices
in Globalisation Era.

‘Sustainability’ and ‘globalization’ are the two buzzwords, defining the academic trends since last two decades, directing to a new way of thinking about rural communities future. The ‘Poverty Eradication’ through ‘Rural Employment’ and ‘Do Something’ trend is becoming more compelling. As the new millennium takes hold, rural communities worldwide are facing increasing pressures for change in their social, economic, and environmental dimensions largely associated with globalization. The factors affecting rural society are-Developments in information technology, population pressures, environmental concerns, and economic interests. Most recently, globalization; advances in communication technologies; and the emergence of ethical investment opportunities have resulted in an increased focus on corporate responsibility. Advances in the area of information technology have facilitated instantaneous global information flow at an extremely low cost. Easy access to detailed information on corporate activities has increased transparency and heightened public awareness regarding the impacts of corporations worldwide. Providing a means by which companies can communicate their social and environmental orientation to a global audience. For example, more than 80 percent of Fortune500 companies address CSR issues and actions on their corporate websites

The rural covers all communities and territory not considered urban or metropolitan and Globalization refers to the cross-border flow of people, products, information, and money. The rural areas are highly sensitive to contemporary economic and social change 1 Dr.R.K.Tyagi (Ph.D. Management);Prof & Head ,School of Management;RGGI,Meerut;India phenomena, such as globalization as they are required to restructure and readjust, probably to a greater extent than the rest of society, and this imperils social cohesiveness1 in the small communities that are the warp and weft of rural areas. Thus to varying degrees, globalization is resisted by societies concerned with the social and environmental implications of large companies operating throughout the world. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important for organizations to attempt to be proactively responsive in order to improve social concerns.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices are present day strategic moves towards sustainable development. The present work will throw light on rural development by outlining CSR practices through a case study on the Jaipur Rugs India. Jaipur Rugs is a handmade carpet manufacturer of India with a reach to about 40,000 artisans in rural India .Jaipur Rugs provides a unique and dynamic example of how to deliver the value to the customers while concurrently improving the standard of living of the artisans. The company is benefiting the workers (weavers) by connecting them with global markets. .The firm is working on the Triple-E bottom line that demonstrate that they are economically viable, environmentally sound, and socially equitable (and ethical).The firm is working for rural employment .Besides many other awards it has received ,the most recent ones includes :“Business world-FICCI-SEDF Corporate Social Responsibility Award-2009” , for following the best corporate social responsibility practices. The Sankalp 2010 Award as an Established Enterprise for providing sustainable rural livelihoods through weaving the handmade carpets. The Indian Achievers Award for Business Excellence for best practices related to Corporate Social Responsibilities.

Keywords: Globalization, Global Supply Chain, Value to the customers, Standard of living, Carpet weavers

Fang Jue, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

Globalization and Research On Femenism Philosophy in China

Under the background of globalization, Chinese women's living and development have been meeting with the unprecedented crisis since the founding of the People's Republic China. It mainly shows two points: 1. the women’s employment crisis which is caused by the transformation from the command economy system into the market economy system; 2. the traditional ethics idea which arises from the restructuring of social and political structures and public order becomes the dominant gender consciousness. Many problems presented in the Chinese feminist researches on Chinese family and gender states since 1990s. And they often focus on the relations between public order and individual development, the role of the government in the market economy system and the complexity of the social transformation. Above problems show that feminism philosophy in China ought to be highly valued by all aspects of whole country under the background of globalization and relate to Chinese women movement. The paper discusses the status quo of research on feminism philosophy in China. Our analysis of research on feminism philosophy in China has revealed that China lacks own feminism philosophy in strictly. During the past 30 years, most resrearch is basically translation and introduction of western femenism philosophy and lacks conscious rethinking and critical awareness. Therefore, we argue that feminism philosophy in China may explore from two aspects. On the one hand, it needs methodology, that is to say, a new method should be constructed to observe the change of the contemporary Chinese social structure. In this sense, it is worth to learn the method which emphasizes gender and family in analyzing social structure established by western feminism philosophy. Our Chinese may establish the multi-perspectives of the interaction between the city and country, the industrial material production and agricultural family production. And we can also go deep into the microcosmic of Chinese social structure to examine the change of Chinese social structure and the polarization of different social stratum since reform and opening. On the other hand, it should deepen the research on Marxism philosophy. As a characteristic reading mode, feminism philosophy which has reexamined the traditional ideas and hot topics on globalization and modernity could also give some inspiration to understand and use of Marxism philosophy in China. The future of Chinese women liberation movement will emphasize the culture liberation with the development of research on feminism philosophy in China. It is significant to do the research on feminism philosophy in China because the women liberation, racial liberation and class liberation constitute the main road of human liberation in the globalization.

Dr. Yanling Xu, professor, vice-dean of School of Marxism, Shandong University, China

Anti-globalization Versus Globalization: a Perspective of Global Justice

In this paper, I argue that the realization of the global justice is a historical process, which was, is and will be promoted by both the advantages of economic growth created by pro-globalists and the criticism of capitalism, multinational companies and global issues raised by anti-globalists. If globalization is the thesis, anti-globalization is the antithesis, then ‘harmonious world’ is a synthesis. The new ‘harmonious world’ concept, which not only has a profound theoretical foundation in terms of Marxism, but also has a rich heritage of Chinese traditional culture based on the Oriental wisdom, may be useful to the integration of globalization and anti-globalization which may promote global justice jointly.

Anton L. Grinin, Volgograd Center for Social Research

Globalization and Biosafety: Biosafety under the Current Biology Influence.

Globalization affects all sides of present life, including the sphere of biosafety. Biosafty is a prevention of large-scale loss of biological integrity, which can be disturbed by different factors such as environmental pollution, allogenic organisms penetration into settle ecosystems, influence of biotechnology and genetic engineering. The present report is aimed at general influence of globalization process on organisms’ ability to save their integrity, the role of recent biological achievements on biosafety, also forecast of further development of touched process is under discussion.

Ning Wu, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law

The Global Financial Crisis and Marxism.

The global financial crisis doesn’t exceed Marxist logic of economic crisis - inner contradictions of the capitalist system. The causal relationship developed from inefficiency of effective demand to overproduction, to overdraft consumption, to default-rate rising, and to the economic crisis proves the explanatory power and perspective of Maxism. Marxist recovery is the inevitable outcome of the global financial crisis. While Maxism can be employed to cope with the global financial crisis, the impact of Marxism can be significantly expanded.

Erdal Dagtas, Associated Professor, Turkey
M. Selahattin Okuroglu Doctoral Candidate, Turkey

Analysis of Media Uniformity in the Frame of Globalization via Magazine Contents: CNN, HURRIYET and IZVESTIYA NEWS sites as Monopolized Samples.

Although the origin of the phenomenon goes back to the colonial empires of sixteenth century, globalization can be considered to have gained momentum with the years after 1980. Especially after the collapse of real socialism in Soviet Union and Eastern Block, the whole world started to take place in a homogenizing new world order. This uniformity of social formations has been realized in economic, political and cultural levels.

Reshaping the capitalist formation in the frame of globalization, media plays a critical role as an ideological and cultural apparatus. The homogenizing media texts that culture industries produce in the global scale, can define the nature of the referred situation. Moreover, the magazine texts contributing ideologically to the reproduction of daily life, constitute meaningful samples about the media content uniformity. Because, media consider the free times of working masses as lucrative in economic and political terms, and so permeate these areas with the help of magazine texts produced.

The research’s theoretical basis is based on the approach of critical political economy. Also, the contribution of neo-Gramscian theories about the double sided function of the culture has been availed, to search for the findings considering the problem through the analysis of the texts.

Problem of the research is the examination of magazine content uniformities (and divergences if exist) which are being adopted by monopolized media through different countries, within the frame of globalization. For this purpose, magazine news texts which are published in the internet news sites of the three strongly monopolized structures from different countries (us.cnn.com from United States, izvestiya.ru from Russian Federation and hurriyet.com.tr from Turkey) have been analyzed by both quantitative and qualitative content analysis. With the evaluation of lifestyle presentations over the news and photos on the magazine pages of the mentioned news sites as of the first Sundays of January and February 2011, findings were sought to show the uniformity amongst sites. Finally, the findings are interpreted in the context of globalization.

Kemale Valiyeva, PhD Candidate, Azerbaijan

Global governance and the sovereign state power transformation.

The problem and prospects of global governance and the future concept of state sovereignty is an important aspect of full understanding of contemporary world politics. Current international relations are in systemic transformation under the multifaceted impact of political, economic and cultural globalization, in which the role of the sovereign state power gradually becomes more restricted, and the impact of international institutions and norms – more intensified. The necessity of subordination and conformity of nation-states to international decisions is the main principle of international relations. Range of areas of international life which requires cooperation among governments, nongovernmental and intergovernmental organizations, and transnational corporations has increased considerably in recent years.

The consequence of increasing global interdependence of nations-states is the crisis of Westphalian model of the world with its principle of sovereign equality of states. There is a blurring of the sovereign authority of states in conditions of formation of supranational decision-making centers. New forms of institutional and procedural organization of decision-making process at the global level have emerged. The necessity of effective global governance is beginning to dominate in a dilemma between conservatism and efficiency. And the logical consequence of this was the actualization of the idea of global governance as a conscious alternative to the world of sovereign states. Currently, the process of global governance is imbalanced, since the impact of globalization on the state sovereignty varies by division states in size, resources and intellectual potential, respectively, the international authoritative potential. Globalization is transforming states in different measures, and their responses to the effects of globalization are not identical. Leading in economic and political sense countries (G8) have dominant positions in the institutional mechanisms of global governance (especially in finance and economics). Participation of developing and newly industrialized countries in this process is extremely irregular. Most of them have limited power potential and the weak position in international relations, being the only object of global governance.

Nevertheless, the erosion of sovereignty does not mean its abolition. Nation-states continue to maintain the quality of a central actor in world politics and the principle of sovereignty remains the basis of the constitutional system for all internationally recognized states. The access of global investments to the appropriate sources depends on national governments. Moreover, global financial institutions need a strong state capable to ensure the free movement of factors of production, to ensure financial stability and to solve the problem of possible internal opposition, aimed at the global supranational structures. In fact, the state is not a victim of globalization, on the contrary, it is the most active element of the system of global governance which exists parallel to the system of nation-states.

Niadi Corina Cernica, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava, Romania

Education in the globalization era.

For counteracting the negative effects of globalization there exists a solution (dependent though on political and economical factors).

Education increases the capacity of the individual to be autonomous, to integrate and preserve the cultural identity. Also, a person that had attended an education system will have the possibility of working, thus ensuring oneself a satisfactory economical status, as well as the capacity of being reemployed, in the event of losing the job.

An educated person has an increased discernment in choosing the lifestyle and values (being less influenced by the social environment), in choosing the products to buy (being a discerning consumer); such a person can engage onself into the battle for political and civil values (being less susceptible to being manipulated and less passive); such a person can continue its informal education, appreciating more justly the value of information and the character of news messages.

Through education one can maintain the cultural values and the traditions threatened by globalization; poverty can be diminished and the person can be more independent and more active economically, politically and socially. An educated person is not an object but a subject of history, a lucid and active subject. An educated person is a stronger person, capable of appreciating, accepting or opposing the economical, social and political processes. The person can support, or not, the ideals of ecology, pace or fairness.

Mandatory education, increasing the length of the mandatory education, alternative education, continuing the learning even after finishing the studies-they all represent an investment not only in people but also in the future, and represent a guarantee that any global situation, as well as the globalization, will be controllable in regard of the negative phenomena that accompany it.

Bogdan Popoveniuc, Stefan cel Mare University Suceava, Romania

Globalization: The Puzzles of the Future.

For counteracting the negative effects of globalization there exists a solution (dependent though on political and economical factors).

Globalization is both a term and phenomenon widespread and overused, more than any other “fundamental realities” (e. g. Destiny, Gods, Nature, etc.) which was thought, throughout the human race history, to be responsible for the human society state of affairs. Even though it is one of the most concrete realities that modern man has to face it, its meaning is rather mystified and vague.

The present paper scrutinizes some possible evolutive scenarios of the human species, unimaginable before the Contemporary Epoch of Global Interconnectedness. Given that tri-dimensional ontological constitution of human being (the non-generic tri-unity of bio-physical, socio-political and idea-cultural ontologies) I will focus on some predicted “Ends” of human evolution as we know it until now. The analyze will cover, but will not be limited at, from the finish of biological evolution (Morin) and biological prospective microbiological warfare (Bloom), the technological conquest and the cybernation of the human species (Stiegler), the end of capitalist entrepreneurship brought by economic monopoles, the end of history due ceasing political evolution (Fukuyama), to the end of creativity (Teixeira) as a result of the uncompeting global village of cultural globalization. Some other possible closing stages, as the metaphysical “end of life into spirit” (Noica) or epistemological “end of man” (Foucault) are considered as well.

Oleg Naumenko, Teacher, Uzbekistan

The Environmentalism as an Ideology in Conditions of Globalization.

This paper is considered the social concepts of environmentalis with philosophical points. The modern environmentalism may be described as ideology but with positive and negative aspects. In conditions of globalization the environmentalism may leads human society to rational cooperation with environment.

Jeet Sapkota, Research Fellow, Global Institute for Asian Regional Integration, Research Associate, Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo

Globalization and Human Aspect of Development in Developing Countries: Evidence from Panel Data.

This paper evaluates the effects of globalization on quality of life (QOL), particularly on human development, gender development and human poverty in developing countries. Applying the fixed effect model to the annual panel data of 124 developing countries covering nine years from 1997, this paper shows that globalization (in terms of the KOF index and key elements of globalization, such as trade, foreign direct investment, flow of information and communication, and international migration) not only promotes human and gender development, but also significantly reduces human poverty. Not surprisingly, all three aspects of globalization (economic, social and political) contribute to the overall effect of globalization. In general, the results from the key elements of globalization are consistent with the results from the KOF indexes. However, it is also observed that political and social globalization, FDI, and international migration were insignificant to gender-related development. Thus, further research is suggested for appropriate policy recommendations to make these variables significant on promoting gender aspects of development.

William C. Gay, Department of Philosophy University of North Carolina at Charlotte, U.S.A

Recasting of Global Terrorism in Racial Terms: The Browning of Terror.

U.S. politics has moved from a positive multiculturalism, expressed in the phrase “the Browning of America,” to a negative, anti-immigrant and anti-LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) hysteria, expressed in the phrase “the Browning of Terror.” This recasting of global terrorism in racial terms expresses a dangerous type of “xenophobia” that fears the “other” in our midst and that links queer, black, brown, and foreign bodies to terrorism. Mary Bloodsworth-Lugo and Carmen Lugo-Lugo analyze this phenomenon and how it has intensified, especially within right-wing opposition to Barack Obama. They document historical parallels between two waves of Containment, namely, the “Red Scare” during McCarthyism and the “War on Terrorism” over the last decade. In both cases, efforts have been made to contain specific types of bodies, including LGBT individuals, immigrants, and persons of color, and to do so in part by undermining the ideal of global citizenship.

Elena Chernikova, School of International Development and Global Studies University of Ottawa, Canada

Opening Global Studies in Canadian Universities.

The object of this study is global studies (GS) programs, that is to say, university-based programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels which are focused on global issues and globalization. Some of these programs issue degrees in globalization or global studies and some are non-degree research entities. These two categories are compared at various points of the analysis. Boasting a variety of names, like school, research centre, institute, department, or even laboratory, GS programs proclaim missions to educate global citizens, increase global awareness, and contribute to positive change in the world. With globalization appearing to evolve into a new field of study, it is important to draw attention to the nature of these programs in order to understand their role in the university and in the future life of society.

Why have Canadian universities introduced global studies programs? What is the nature of these programs and how do they differ from international development studies? Some programs changed name from ‘international development’ to ‘global studies’. What trends do they exhibit? What is their future? These are the questions to be addressed in this research.

Whether or not it is reflective of how globalization affects higher education trends in Canada overall, this research aims to explore why Canadian universities are encouraging global studies programs, and how these programs mirror global realities.

In order to answer the posed questions, the main objectives of this project include:
1. examining trends in the creation and evolution of selected GS programs in Canada;
2. analyzing why GS programs are being created and how they reflect these trends;
3. exploring the nature of GS programs in Canada and how they are different from international development studies programs; and
4. attempting to see the future of GS programs in Canada: whether they will become an established discipline, or will be forgotten and fade away as a trendy subject.

The research demonstrates that there is no coherency in designing Global Studies in Canada. The growing field however reflects the need for a cognitive space in academia that surpasses International Development Studies. Global Studies call for strategical academic planing, as they demonstrate strong potential for bridging sciences and humanities, for linking education and research to everyday practice, and for bringing cultural change of sustainable living.

Lamiya Adilgizi, Turkish Review bimonthly journal

Turkey: Success of Globalization.

The world has now experiencing a genius phase of the globalization, spearheaded by rising powers such as China, India, Brazil and Turkey, while the US is slowly fading from the world stage. Turkey, in this particular vein, most observers agree, is getting a larger share of the cake, with its expansionist economic resurge and diplomatic prowess. In this vicinity, Turkey is now reaping the benefits of being a country with cultural affinity and geographical proximity with the countries in the region. The country is filling the economic and political vacuum vacated by the US yet the Muslim nation is doing this through visa exemption deals, lifting trade and transportation barriers and making the borders more porous.

The paper is aiming to investigate Turkey’s significant contribution to the process of globalization and sets the target of unveiling how Turkey has facilitated trade, lifted transportation barriers and spurred regional countries to integrate to each other to a greater degree. Through examining steps taken by Turkish leadership that deepen the process of globalization in the region, the paper will uncover how Turkish economic outreach makes up much of making the region an integrated pool of common interests, with few barriers.

Yasuhide Yamanouchi, New Institute for Social Knowledge and Collaboration, Tama University (NI-Tama), Tokyo

World System and Knowledge Ecosystem: Concept and Definition.

This paper re-defines the concept of “knowledge ecosystem” on which researchers of Internet Governance were recently focusing. Knowledge ecosystem is conceived in this paper as the collaboration among three kinds of actors/agents/subjects from different fields/layers in the World System. This paper explains why problem solving through the ecosystem is considered to be appropriate in responding to rapid changes in global society. This change reflects the Global Modernization in which actors and their interacting fields increased in stepwise fashion. What is important is the interactions, or, super-impositions among layers, the complex interactions of which have already created the ecosystem in certain issues in international society. The importance of the actors is different among issues but recent trends like cyber warfare and social hacktivism, indicated that even in the security issues societal groups and NGOs are contributing very much for the shaping of the activities. This World System concept proposes certain potentials to the theories on international relations.