In this paper we consider the main principles of the interdisciplinary areas of the study of evolutionary processes as well as give the analysis of their achievements in the area of modern worldview with an emphasis on contemporary processes of globalization. We show that globalization as a natural historical process correlates with the general laws of the biosphere evolution. It is emphasized that the analysis of the development of human society should be guided by modern scientific knowledge and not by political models like that of “sustainable development”.

Keywords: globalization, complex systems, evolution, structural phase transitions, chaos, order, succession, biodiversity, biosphere, noosphere, logistics.

Elvira M. Spirova. Conservatism vs Liberalism (рр. 13–22). Original text and References

The recent decades in Russia witnessed a sharp confrontation between liberal and conservative values and attitudes. The liberally orientated politicians that came to power in 1991 in many respects determined the social developmental course as well. But the conservative attitudes gradually came to the foreground in the society. The article discusses the reasons of the change of the previous course, as well as analyzes the specific conservative values in Russia. The globalist aspect of this phenomenon is also pointed out. The novelty of the article is related to an attempt to show the political and sociocultural shifts in the public consciousness of Russia and compare them with analogous cultural orientations in other large countries, first of all, in China and the USA. The author demonstrates that despite the similarity of common conservative strivings in modern politics, they have differing aspects associated with the real political and economic situation.

Keywords: liberalism, conservatism, culture, individualism, values, freedom, right, state, society.

Orazaly S. Sabden. The Systemic Approach to the Civilizational Development of the Humanity in the Twenty-First Century (рр. 23–39). Original text and References

In the present article we implement a systematic approach to the development of human civilization in the twenty-first century and develop the basic elements of creating of a planetary home for a universal civilization in the postindustrial world, based on spirituality, scientific and technological revolution, environment study, space exploration, the economy and world security. Only systematic and concerted action according to six basic components can ensure peace and sustainable life in this home. The author presents his own approaches to innovative economy of postindustrial civilization.

Keywords: civilization, globalization, concept, innovative economy, security, humanization, spirituality, NTR, space, environment, management, regulation, global processes, monetary Union, the Council of sages.

Processes of globalization

Leonid E. Grinin and Anton L. Grinin. The Forthcoming Technological Revolution and Global Risks (рр. 40–58). Original text and References

The present article describes the main directions and prospects of the dramatic technological innovations in the nearest decades as well as the related current and possible global risks. The methodological foundations are based on the theory of long cycles of Nikolay Kondratieff as well as on the developed by the authors model of production revolution which takes into account the major technological turns in the world history and allows making certain predictions [see, e.g., Гринин 2006; Grinin 2007; Гринин Л. Е., Гринин А. Л. 2015; Grinin A. L., Grinin L. E. 2015].

Keywords: historical process, globalization, production revolution, production principle, the Cybernetic revolution, self-regulating systems, medicine, cyborg, cyborgization.

Vyacheslav V. Mantatov. Geophilosophy of the Eurasian Civilization (рр. 59–67). Original text and References

The article focuses on the ideological background of the Eurasian civilization’s geophilosophy, in particular the convergence of Russian Eurasianism and Leninism. Many fundamental concepts of the Russian Eurasianism became obsolete (e.g., a dismissive attitude to European Enlightenment, religious ideocracy, predominance of the Eastern church). However, the ecological and geographic views of the Russian Eurasianists are still relevant, for instance, the idea of “mestorazvitiye” (place of development) and the Eurasian concept of Russia. The author believes that it is necessary to revive the Eurasian nature of Russia and noosphere ideology of the Soviet socialist civilization. The author considers Eurasian civilization’s geophilosophy as the world-range ideology, which can be compared to Leninism, but exceeds the latter in the degree of technological and environmental challenges of sustainable development.

Keywords: geophilosophy, Eurasian civilization, noosphere, ecocivilism, Leninism, Russian Eurasianism, mestorazvitiye, the Baikal territory.

Mariam Margaryan and Ruben Elamiryan. The Globalization Issues within the Development Trajectories of European Union and Large Middle East Projects (рр. 68–77). Original text and References

This article comprehensively observes the process of modernization of multipolar world in framework of such projects as “The Greater Middle East” and “Eurasian Union”. The authors develop the idea, according to which the proper functioning of these projects will allow both the Russian Federation and the USA to solve a wide range of problems of evolutionary modernization of self-identity and adaptation to the new geopolitical realities, as well as transformation of geo-economic and national interests. This will ensure a multivector national security. Meantime, the creation of the Eurasian Union can stimulate the development of another cultural polar and develop the Alternative globalization movement to rise and preserve the cultural self-identities worldwide in framework of globalization. In the article we observe specificities of Western and Russian approaches towards implementation of these projects, specifically the use of soft-power and hard-power, as well as contacts with political elites and civil society. The authors think that if these projects are implemented with regard to political ethics and humanism, they can become a serious stimulus to develop Culture of prevention to overcome neo-Malthusianism, as well as favor the system development and modernization of newly forming world order.

Keywords: policy, globalization, Eurasian Union, middle East, problem, democracy, civil society.

Global issues

Natalya M. Lukach. International Experience in Overcoming the Global Problem of Human Trafficking (рр. 78–87). Original text and References

The article considers the activities of international organizations against human trafficking. The author explores the basic mechanisms and instruments implemented by the international community against human trafficking and also propose the ways of solving problems.

Keywords: human trafficking, global problem, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, combating human trafficking.

Nature, society, and humans

Alexandra L. Bolonina and Olga K. Shimanskaya. Human Rights as a Factor of International Relations in the Situation of Globalization: The Chinese Experience (рр. 88–99). Original text and References

Keywords: human trafficking, global problem, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, combating human trafficking.

Russia in the global world

Igor N. Shapkin and Nina O. Voskresenskaya. The Institutional Matrix of Russia in the Context of Global Issues (рр. 100–114). Original text and References

Globalization is an objective reality of our time. Mankind has entered this historically determined pathway not by chance, but as a logical outcome. However, the emergence and acceleration of global processes does not guarantee success for each individual country. The critical impact on the trajectory of countries is produced by formal and informal national institutions, including an institutional matrix that reflects the past of a country and contains information about its future development; the latter in many respects is determined by the basic element – the national mentality, which depends on the genetic code of each individual society. This article is devoted to the analysis of the Russian institutional matrix.

Keywords: globalization, Russian institutional matrix, formal institutions, informal institutions, Eastern matrix, Western matrix, national psychology, Russian economic mentality, psychological institutional traps, genetics, selfishness, altruism, cooperative behavior, political preferences.

Yulia A. Tarasova. The Contemporary Russian Societies' Values within Globalization (рр. 115–121). Original text and References

The paper is devoted to the analysis of modern Russian society’s values under the conditions of globalization. The values constitute a basis of culture and a prerequisite for its existence and development. The author explores the existing concepts of saving the cultural identity and draws a conclusion about the necessity of revival of interest to Russian history, support of family, religion and language.

Keywords: identity, culture, culture values, national consciousness, the Russian idea, globalization, informatization.

Vitaly F. Yershov. Russia in the Global Financial World (рр. 122–136). Original text and References

The paper studies the influence of processes of globalization on the activity of Russian banks and other financial institutions in the sphere of international trade and investments, as well as the expansion of the presence of Russian bank structures within global economy and corporate bank community. We emphasize the value of interbank dialogue as a factor of deepening financial and economic cooperation of Russia with the states of the CIS, BRICS and other local and global communities.

Keywords: financial globalization, Russian banks, Euroasian Economic Union, BRICS Development Bank, World Bank.

Reviews

Valentin P. Ratnikov. An Urgent Warning for the Humanity (рр. 137–142). Original text and References