Contents and abstracts

Журнал: Философия и общество. Выпуск №3(71)/2013 - подписаться на статьи журнала

Theory

Ivan A. Gobozov. Future contours as viewed by Z. Brzezinski (рр. 5–28).

Zbignev Brzezinski is a contemporary outstanding American political expert. He focuses his research on the issues of geopolitics, the US role in modern world and others. In the present article the author analyses Brzezinski’s futurological outlook.

Keywords: future of the contemporary world, USA, France, Russia, China, cultural superiority, strategy, global crisis, ancient empires.

Leonid E. Grinin. The state and crises in the process of modernization (рр. 29–59).

The theme of the state and statehood is one of the important in social sciences. In this respect an increasing interest in national and state building in emerging states and the problem of so-called failed states is no coincidence. It is worth considering these problems historically and on a large, world-system scale as well as in the modern context. In the present article these problems are analyzed in different aspects, dimensions and perspectives.

Keywords: state building, modernization, modernization trap, Malthusian trap, globalization, sovereignty, failed states.

Vadim S. Grekhnev.Philosophy about the encouragement and punishment in upbringing people(рр. 60–76).

The article analyzes traditional means of upbringing people that is the encouragement and punishment. The author demonstrates the content and purpose of these means in the context of pedagogical theories within the frameworks of philosophical ideas of John Lock, Immanuel Kant, Herbert Spencer and Burrhus Skinner as well as the application of their patterns of employment of encouragement and punishment in modern upbringing practice.

Keywords: upbringing methods, encouragement, punishment, behavioral types, violence.

Marianna A. Fadeicheva. The national question: a key to the solution of contemporary ethnic problems (рр. 77–86).

The article presents the contemporary analysis of the essay «Marxism and national question» written by Joseph Stalin almost a century ago. The author reveals an entity of the key categories and statements in Bolshevists' national program and makes the conclusion that Stalin's ideas have affected the contemporary comprehension and approach to solving the ethnic and national problems.

Keywords: Bolsheviks, social democracy, socialism, capitalism, proletariat, nation, national question, right to self-determination.

Vladimir A. Skvorets.A people's life arrangement and modeling a social organism (рр. 87–104).

This article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of people’s life arrangement as the basis of modeling a country's social organism. People life arrangement fulfils an integrative and reproductive functions in a country's social organism, including the processes of human reproduction, reproduction of economic system, the social structure of population, the political system, the technosphere, the socio-cultural sphere and lifestyle. The analysis of changes in life arrangement of the Ukrainian people, manifested in the main system-forming reproduction processes confirms the changes in the model of the country's social organism during the transition from the Soviet to post-Soviet period of development.

Keywords: life arrangement, people life arrangement, emergent properties of a system, model of the country social organism, formational approach, civilizational approach, reproduction processes, integrity of the country's social organism.

Arkadiy B. Glozman. Science and production as interpreted by the Russian philosophers of the 1960s – 1980s (рр. 105–120).

The article presents the debates in the Soviet philosophy on the philosophical aspects of science and technology. The focus is made on the transformation of science into a productive force.

Keywords: science, production, technology, scientific and technical revolution, productive force, general social knowledge, mechanics, automatization.

Yulia V. Kolesnichenko. Myth and personality in Aleksei F. Losev's work “The Dialectics of the myth” (рр. 121–130).

The central concept of Losev's early work “Dialectics of myth” is considered as a concept of personality, which obtains a status of the specifically viewed Being. The author insists on using primarily analytical and hermeneutical rather then basic commentatorial method when analyzing the philosophical core of Losev's early philosophy.

Keywords: personality, “The Dialectics of Myth”, dialectics-and-phenomenology epistemological method of Losev, analytical and hermeneutical methods of historical philosophical analysis, personality as myth, myth as phenomenological reality, intelligence, personality as an ontological and epistemological category.

Totraz P. Lolaev, Alan L. Mouravov. Time in philosophy of science (рр. 131–140).

The article generally considers (basing on concrete examples) the role of philosophy as a method of search for truth. Thus, the authors proceed from the assumption that the nature of philosophy as a science can be clearly obtained only from the methodological approach and through its consideration as a specific cognitive method. The article shows that understanding of the essence of philosophy cannot proceed from the definition of its subject, but through understanding of the peculiarity of the method and conditions of its application.

Keywords: time and space, philosophy, science, philosophical methods, search for truth.

Natalya S. Shilovskaya. From humanistic to transhuman society? (рр. 141–150).

The article is devoted to the ideas of humanism and transhumanism in the modern society. The author shows a considerable contrast between humanistic ideas and transhumanistic ideals; tries to prove that transhumanism is based on and reinterprets the ideas of classical humanism and as a result gives simulations of humanistic values, to their distortion and perversion. The author also traces parallels between transhumanism and religion and shows the trashumanistic essence of the philosophical futorology of N. F. Fedorov and humanistic pathos of Herbert Wells’s fantasy.

Keywords: person, superperson, being, humanism, transhumanism, simulation, anthropocentrism, religion.

Gulnara N. Kulkatova. To the issue of the specific character of mass communication as a peculiar form of social interaction(рр. 151–156).

The article analizes the peciliar features and functions of the theory of mass communication, considers the significant philosophical categories (truth, fallacy, verity, delusion) and the role of mass communication means in the information society.

Keywords: mass communication, mass media, theories of mass communication, social knowledge.

History of Philosophy

Anatoly S. Gagarin, Konstantin N. Lyubutin. The existentsials of human life in Michel Montaigne's humanistic philosophy (рр. 157–169).

The article discusses Michel de Montaigne's humanistic, philosophical and anthropological concept that interprets the existential problems of a human being from the point of neo-stoicism and skepticism. The introspective analysis of his own essence, undertaken by Montaigne, is based the comprehension by a human of his own accomplishments as well as of the general insignificance of a human being and nurturing Socratic self-contempt.

Keywords: anthropology, existence, existential, stoicism, skepticism, existentials of human being, loneliness, fear, death.

Renat R. Hasnutdinov. Genesis and evolution of the system approach in the period of antiquity and the middle ages (рр. 170–189).

After analyzing the ideas about the system organization of scientific knowledge, developed by the thinkers and scientists in the period of Antiquity and the Middle Ages, the author comes to a conclusion that system approach arose in the antiquity and has further developed in the form of a gradual distribution of system ideas within all branches of knowledge existing at that time.

Keywords: system approach, knowledge, principle, system, methodology, formation.

Reviews

Baranov Vladimir E. The new book on dialectics. Kazennov A. S. Dialectics as the highest method of knowledge. – Sankt Petersburg: Izdatelstvo Politechnicheskogo Universiteta, 2011. – 96 pp. (рp. 190–193).

Contents and abstracts (рp. 194–197).