V. I. Vernadsky's Noosphere Theory and the Search for the Way out of the Global Crises
скачать скачать Автор: Rezhabek, Boris G. - подписаться на статьи автора
Журнал: Age of Globalization. Number 1 / 2008 - подписаться на статьи журнала
International Ecological Foundation, North Caucasian Branch
Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (1863–1945) is one of the chief creators of science of the 20th century. He founded the theory of Biosphere and started to evolve the Noosphere theory – the sphere of Mind, developed in the works of French scientists Le Roi and Teilhard de Chardin. Nowadays the Noosphere theory attracts great interest and can give qualitatively new ways of solution of the problems connected with the ‘global threats’ – ecological, resource, energetic and demographic ones – directing the geopolitical vector toward the defense of the interests of the humanity as a whole. The forerunners of the Noosphere theory are the representatives of philosophy of ‘Russian cosmism’ (Fedorov, Soloviev, Bulgakov, Florensky), and also such scientists as Podolinsky, Umov, Tsiolkovsky, Chizhevsky, Holodny and others.
The Noosphere theory is nowadays actively developed in Russia and is able to give a response to a number of global challenges of the present. The important point is to work out the noospheric ideology common for the whole humanity which relies on three fundamental principles:
a) science which exactly knows the limits of its applicability and acknowledges the requirement of responsibility of a man for the planet he lives on;
b) religious beliefs not contradicting the proved scientific data, giving a general idea of a person, his fate, rules of behaviour and meaning of his existence in the Universe; and
c) philosophy that demands to challenge everything for the sake of establishing the truth (the post-modernistic conceptions, fundamentally rejecting the category of truth, stand against the noosphere ideology).
The Noosphere ideology demands to acknowledge alongside with the Human Rights the Human Responsibilities with respect to the world the humans live in. As the main axiom, it recognizes the peculiar role of a human in the Universe, as a creature, possessing mind and will, whose life has a meaning and destination, and is not a vain game of spontaneous forces of nature. This is a significant difference of Noosphere ideology both from the skeptic positivism which fears and avoids the very raising of such questions and from atheistic pessimism, and is capable to find common grounds with monotheistic religions. The Noosphere theory suggests a way out from the impendent global crisis on the ways of creating a multipolar world, saving the variety of cultures and peoples, because this is just the diversity that is the main source of the stability of complex systems, such as a living cell, organism, the biosphere and the Noosphere.
It is necessary for creating a feasible strategy for solving global problems of the present which is capable to unite the efforts of the representatives of science, religion and philosophy with opportunities of politicians and businessmen of different countries of the world.
